Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition that can make it hard to breathe. In COPD, getting air out of the lungs can become a problem over time. Known as air trapping, damage from COPD causes the lungs to lose their elastic recoil. Much like a stretched-out rubber band, the lungs lose their original shape when they are stretched too far. This makes it hard to push the air out of the lungs. As a result, air becomes trapped and lung volume increases too high.1,2
If you have COPD, options exist to help manage the condition and improve your quality of life. One such option is a procedure called bullectomy. This surgery may relieve severe COPD symptoms.1,2
What is a bullectomy?
A bullectomy is a surgery that aims to improve lung function and lessen symptoms in those with severe COPD. In COPD, the small sacs in the lungs can be damaged and get too big. This makes blister-like pockets of air called bullae.2
Bullae can push on the healthy lung parts and make it hard to breathe. A bullectomy takes bullae out to help the lungs work better and make breathing easier.2
Who can have a bullectomy?
Not everyone with COPD can have a bullectomy. This surgery is usually for those with severe COPD who have certain problems. A full exam will help your doctor decide if you would benefit from a bullectomy. This kind of exam usually includes X-rays and lung function tests.3
Most often, large bullae compress the lung tissue. This results in:3
- Shortness of breath
- Reduced ability to exercise
- Other breathing difficulties
How does a bullectomy help manage symptoms of COPD?
A bullectomy can offer several benefits to those living with severe COPD:
Improved breathing
The main goal of a bullectomy is to ease breathing and help the lungs work better. When big bullae are removed, there is more room for the healthy lung tissue to stretch. This makes it easier for the lungs to get oxygen and work better.2,3
Improved quality of life
When you have problems breathing, you might feel tired and unable to do as much. This can make life less enjoyable. But if a bullectomy works well, it can help you feel better. You can do things like walking and moving around more without feeling as tired. It can make life more enjoyable again.3
Increased exercise tolerance
Sometimes, COPD makes it hard to do things like exercise because it is tough to breathe. After a bullectomy, you might be able to do more exercise without feeling so out of breath.3
Reduced risk of complications
In severe cases of COPD, bullae can rupture or lead to other complications. Removing these bullae:2
- Reduces the risk of potential complications
- Promotes better lung health
- Improves overall well-being
Improved treatment regimen
A successful bullectomy should improve your lung function and reduce your COPD symptoms. You might find that you do not need as many medicines to manage your COPD. This can make your treatments easier to pay for and to follow.3
What are the possible side effects of bullectomy?
While bullectomy can provide many benefits, there are also possible side effects. These may include:3
- Pain
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Breathing problems
- Air leak or collapsed lung (pneumothorax)
- Scarring
- Reaction to anesthesia
These are not all the possible side effects of bullectomy. Talk to your doctor about what to expect with bullectomy. You also should call your doctor if you have any changes that concern you after having a bullectomy.
Things to know about bullectomy
Your doctor will give you instructions on how to prepare for the surgery. This might include fasting before the procedure and temporarily stopping certain medicines.3
A bullectomy is usually performed in the hospital. Depending on the complexity of the surgery and your recovery, you might need to stay in the hospital for a few days.3
Recovery time after a bullectomy can vary from person to person. It might take a few weeks to feel back to normal. Follow your doctor's instructions for a smooth recovery.3
Keep your follow-up appointments with your doctor. These are important to monitor your healing progress and address any concerns.3
Your doctor might recommend breathing exercises to help improve lung function and promote healing after the surgery. These exercises can also help prevent complications like lung infections.3
A healthy diet is important for healing. Make sure to follow any diet guidelines provided by your doctor to support your recovery.3
Having a support system in place during your recovery can make a big difference. Family members, friends, and caregivers can provide emotional support and help with daily tasks as needed.3
As with any medical procedure, if you are considering a bullectomy you should:2,3
- Talk to your doctor
- Discuss potential benefits and risks of the surgery
- Make an informed decision that aligns with your health needs and goals